The Effect of Colloid versus Crystalloid Fluid Resuscitation on Survival Rate in Adult Patients with Septic shock

Background
Despite recent advances and increased attention for septic shock, mortality remains as high as 35%. An important part of treatment is fluid resuscitation, however there is ongoing debate about which type of fluid should be used. In this systematic review we aimed to create an overview of available evidence regarding the two different types of fluids, colloid and crystalloid, as resuscitation therapy in septic shock patients.
Method
This systematic review focussed on adult septic shock patients admitted to the hospital. The primary outcome was mortality and the secondary outcomes were kidney failure and total amount of fluid used. Medline and Embase were used to search for potential studies. The selection of articles was done in a two stepped model. The quality of the included articles was assessed using Cochrane’s criteria. Finally, the data of the included studies was summarized and a data synthesis took place.
Results
The initial search yielded 361 articles, of which eight were selected and included in the review. The quality of the included studies was generally high. None of these included studies showed a significant difference in mortality between the two treatment groups. One study showed a significant difference in renal replacement therapy between the two patient groups and two of the studies indicated less colloid solution was needed to achieve hemodynamic stability.
Conclusion
This review found no significant difference in mortality for septic patients between the colloid and crystalloid group.