Socio-environmental conditions and geographical variability of asthma prevalence in Northeast Brazil

Background: This study aims to evaluate the association between environmental and socio-economic conditions with asthma prevalence in the eight ISAAC centres in North-East Brazil. Methods: Estimates on occurrence, severity and medical diagnoses of asthma in the previous 12 months were compared using environmental and socioeconomic indicators. Associations were assessed using simple linear regression and Pearson correlation coefficient. Results: There was no difference in asthma prevalence between centres. Active asthma prevalence increased with increasing water privation, and this would explain 62 % of the observed prevalence. Median temperature increase was inversely related to active asthma (r = 0.81; p < 0.05). There was a positive association between latitude and active asthma prevalence (r = 0.82; p < 0.005), a negative association between severe asthma and yearly medium temperature (r = -0.89; p < 0.05), and a positive association with latitude (r = 0.78; p < 0.05). Conclusion: Relation between the tropical weather and high prevalence of asthma was not confirmed. There were associations with water privation and latitude. © 2009 Sociedad Española de Inmunología Clínica y Alergología Pediátrica y Elsevier España S.L.