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Shoulder, elbow, forearm and wrist/hand abnormalities in children

  • J. A. van der Sluijs*
  • *Corresponding author for this work
  • Amsterdam UMC - University of Amsterdam

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceedingChapterAcademicpeer-review

Abstract

The development of the upper extremity starts with the outgrowth of the limb bud in the fourth week of pregnancy when the embryo is 4 mm long. In this limb bud, which consists of mesoderm, cartilage, neuromuscular structures and vascular structures develop. At 8 weeks, this differentiation process is well advanced. Malfunctions in this process, genetic or acquired, result in (combinations of) malformations.
Original languageEnglish
Title of host publicationOrthopaedics and Traumatology: The Essential Guide
PublisherSpringer Nature
Pages243-250
ISBN (Electronic)9789036826389
ISBN (Print)9789036826372
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 1 Jan 2021

Publication series

NameOrthopaedics and Traumatology: The Essential Guide

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