Risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus after treatment with direct-acting antivirals for Hepatitis C virus in people with HIV

Mathieu Chalouni; Jessie Torgersen; Christopher T Rentsch; Daniela K Van Santen; Inmaculada Jarrin; Marina B Klein; Jim Young; M John Gill; Rachel L Epstein; Benjamin Linas; Robert Zangerle; Bernard Surial; Johannes Nemeth; Giota Touloumi; Antonios Papadopoulos; Linda Wittkop; Marc Van Der Valk; Anders Boyd; Antonella D'arminio Monforte; Massimo Puoti; Roger W Logan; Sophia M Rein; José M Miro; Juan Berenguer; Miguel A Hernán; Sara Lodi

doi:10.1097/QAD.0000000000004499

Risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus after treatment with direct-acting antivirals for Hepatitis C virus in people with HIV

Mathieu Chalouni
, Jessie Torgersen
, Christopher T Rentsch
, Daniela K Van Santen
, Inmaculada Jarrin
, Marina B Klein
, Jim Young
, M John Gill
, Rachel L Epstein
, Benjamin Linas
, Robert Zangerle
, Bernard Surial
, Johannes Nemeth
, Giota Touloumi
, Antonios Papadopoulos
, Linda Wittkop
, Marc Van Der Valk
, Anders Boyd
, Antonella D'arminio Monforte
, Massimo Puoti

Roger W Logan, Sophia M Rein, José M Miro, Juan Berenguer, Miguel A Hernán, Sara Lodi

Harvard University
University of Pennsylvania
Yale School of Medicine
CAUSALab and Department of Epidemiology
Department of Epidemiology
Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health
Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM)
Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada.
University of Calgary
Boston Medical Center
Innsbruck Medical University
University of Bern
University of Zurich
National and Kapodistrian University of Athens
Attikon University General Hospital
University of Bordeaux
Stichting HIV Monitoring
University of Amsterdam
Icona Foundation
University of Barcelona

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Academic › peer-review

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To compare the 3-year risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in people with HIV-HCV after direct-acting antiviral (DAA) initiation and in people with HIV mono-infection.

DESIGN: An observational study of two collaborations of cohorts from Europe and North America.

METHODS: We matched individuals with evidence of ongoing HIV-HCV co-infection eligible to receive DAA (HepCAUSAL Collaboration) with individuals with HIV mono-infection (HIV-CAUSAL Collaboration) on cohort, calendar month, and probability of HCV diagnosis. We estimated the 3-year post-DAA T2DM risk had all HIV-HCV co-infection individuals initiated DAA using inverse probability weighting and compared it with the risk people with HIV mono-infection in subgroups defined by number of diabetes risk factors (0, 1-2, or ≥3).

RESULTS: 34,135 people with HIV-HCV co-infection and 68,720 with HIV mono-infection were included. The difference in 3-year risk of T2DM for people with HIV-HCV after DAA and people with HIV mono-infection was 0.8% (95% confidence interval: -0.6, 5.8) in the subgroup with no risk factor, -0.4% (-1.5, 1.2) in the subgroup with 1-2 risk factors, and -1.7% (-4.7, 1.5) in the subgroup with ≥3 risk factors.

CONCLUSIONS: The estimated post-DAA risk of T2DM in people was similar to the risk in people with HIV mono-infection, though estimates were imprecise. These results suggest diabetes monitoring and prevention strategies should be the same for people with HIV who received DAA for HCV treatment as for people with HIV mono-infection, and based on risk factors.

Original language	English
Journal	AIDS (London, England)
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1097/QAD.0000000000004499
Publication status	E-pub ahead of print - 24 Mar 2026

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

SDG 3 Good Health and Well-being

Access to Document

10.1097/QAD.0000000000004499

Cite this

Chalouni, M., Torgersen, J., Rentsch, C. T., Van Santen, D. K., Jarrin, I., Klein, M. B., Young, J., Gill, M. J., Epstein, R. L., Linas, B., Zangerle, R., Surial, B., Nemeth, J., Touloumi, G., Papadopoulos, A., Wittkop, L., Van Der Valk, M., Boyd, A., Monforte, A. D., ... Lodi, S. (2026). Risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus after treatment with direct-acting antivirals for Hepatitis C virus in people with HIV. AIDS (London, England). Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1097/QAD.0000000000004499

@article{bd3da59b006543ea8c38d9915d5bc5d9,

title = "Risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus after treatment with direct-acting antivirals for Hepatitis C virus in people with HIV",

abstract = "OBJECTIVE: To compare the 3-year risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in people with HIV-HCV after direct-acting antiviral (DAA) initiation and in people with HIV mono-infection.DESIGN: An observational study of two collaborations of cohorts from Europe and North America.METHODS: We matched individuals with evidence of ongoing HIV-HCV co-infection eligible to receive DAA (HepCAUSAL Collaboration) with individuals with HIV mono-infection (HIV-CAUSAL Collaboration) on cohort, calendar month, and probability of HCV diagnosis. We estimated the 3-year post-DAA T2DM risk had all HIV-HCV co-infection individuals initiated DAA using inverse probability weighting and compared it with the risk people with HIV mono-infection in subgroups defined by number of diabetes risk factors (0, 1-2, or ≥3).RESULTS: 34,135 people with HIV-HCV co-infection and 68,720 with HIV mono-infection were included. The difference in 3-year risk of T2DM for people with HIV-HCV after DAA and people with HIV mono-infection was 0.8\% (95\% confidence interval: -0.6, 5.8) in the subgroup with no risk factor, -0.4\% (-1.5, 1.2) in the subgroup with 1-2 risk factors, and -1.7\% (-4.7, 1.5) in the subgroup with ≥3 risk factors.CONCLUSIONS: The estimated post-DAA risk of T2DM in people was similar to the risk in people with HIV mono-infection, though estimates were imprecise. These results suggest diabetes monitoring and prevention strategies should be the same for people with HIV who received DAA for HCV treatment as for people with HIV mono-infection, and based on risk factors.",

author = "Mathieu Chalouni and Jessie Torgersen and Rentsch, \{Christopher T\} and \{Van Santen\}, \{Daniela K\} and Inmaculada Jarrin and Klein, \{Marina B\} and Jim Young and Gill, \{M John\} and Epstein, \{Rachel L\} and Benjamin Linas and Robert Zangerle and Bernard Surial and Johannes Nemeth and Giota Touloumi and Antonios Papadopoulos and Linda Wittkop and \{Van Der Valk\}, Marc and Anders Boyd and Monforte, \{Antonella D'arminio\} and Massimo Puoti and Logan, \{Roger W\} and Rein, \{Sophia M\} and Miro, \{Jos{\'e} M\} and Juan Berenguer and Hern{\'a}n, \{Miguel A\} and Sara Lodi",

year = "2026",

month = mar,

day = "24",

doi = "10.1097/QAD.0000000000004499",

language = "English",

journal = "AIDS (London, England)",

issn = "0269-9370",

publisher = "Lippincott Williams and Wilkins",

}

Chalouni, M, Torgersen, J, Rentsch, CT, Van Santen, DK, Jarrin, I, Klein, MB, Young, J, Gill, MJ, Epstein, RL, Linas, B, Zangerle, R, Surial, B, Nemeth, J, Touloumi, G, Papadopoulos, A, Wittkop, L, Van Der Valk, M , Boyd, A, Monforte, AD, Puoti, M, Logan, RW, Rein, SM, Miro, JM, Berenguer, J, Hernán, MA & Lodi, S 2026, 'Risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus after treatment with direct-acting antivirals for Hepatitis C virus in people with HIV', AIDS (London, England). https://doi.org/10.1097/QAD.0000000000004499

TY - JOUR

T1 - Risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus after treatment with direct-acting antivirals for Hepatitis C virus in people with HIV

AU - Chalouni, Mathieu

AU - Torgersen, Jessie

AU - Rentsch, Christopher T

AU - Van Santen, Daniela K

AU - Jarrin, Inmaculada

AU - Klein, Marina B

AU - Young, Jim

AU - Gill, M John

AU - Epstein, Rachel L

AU - Linas, Benjamin

AU - Zangerle, Robert

AU - Surial, Bernard

AU - Nemeth, Johannes

AU - Touloumi, Giota

AU - Papadopoulos, Antonios

AU - Wittkop, Linda

AU - Van Der Valk, Marc

AU - Boyd, Anders

AU - Monforte, Antonella D'arminio

AU - Puoti, Massimo

AU - Logan, Roger W

AU - Rein, Sophia M

AU - Miro, José M

AU - Berenguer, Juan

AU - Hernán, Miguel A

AU - Lodi, Sara

PY - 2026/3/24

Y1 - 2026/3/24

N2 - OBJECTIVE: To compare the 3-year risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in people with HIV-HCV after direct-acting antiviral (DAA) initiation and in people with HIV mono-infection.DESIGN: An observational study of two collaborations of cohorts from Europe and North America.METHODS: We matched individuals with evidence of ongoing HIV-HCV co-infection eligible to receive DAA (HepCAUSAL Collaboration) with individuals with HIV mono-infection (HIV-CAUSAL Collaboration) on cohort, calendar month, and probability of HCV diagnosis. We estimated the 3-year post-DAA T2DM risk had all HIV-HCV co-infection individuals initiated DAA using inverse probability weighting and compared it with the risk people with HIV mono-infection in subgroups defined by number of diabetes risk factors (0, 1-2, or ≥3).RESULTS: 34,135 people with HIV-HCV co-infection and 68,720 with HIV mono-infection were included. The difference in 3-year risk of T2DM for people with HIV-HCV after DAA and people with HIV mono-infection was 0.8% (95% confidence interval: -0.6, 5.8) in the subgroup with no risk factor, -0.4% (-1.5, 1.2) in the subgroup with 1-2 risk factors, and -1.7% (-4.7, 1.5) in the subgroup with ≥3 risk factors.CONCLUSIONS: The estimated post-DAA risk of T2DM in people was similar to the risk in people with HIV mono-infection, though estimates were imprecise. These results suggest diabetes monitoring and prevention strategies should be the same for people with HIV who received DAA for HCV treatment as for people with HIV mono-infection, and based on risk factors.

AB - OBJECTIVE: To compare the 3-year risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in people with HIV-HCV after direct-acting antiviral (DAA) initiation and in people with HIV mono-infection.DESIGN: An observational study of two collaborations of cohorts from Europe and North America.METHODS: We matched individuals with evidence of ongoing HIV-HCV co-infection eligible to receive DAA (HepCAUSAL Collaboration) with individuals with HIV mono-infection (HIV-CAUSAL Collaboration) on cohort, calendar month, and probability of HCV diagnosis. We estimated the 3-year post-DAA T2DM risk had all HIV-HCV co-infection individuals initiated DAA using inverse probability weighting and compared it with the risk people with HIV mono-infection in subgroups defined by number of diabetes risk factors (0, 1-2, or ≥3).RESULTS: 34,135 people with HIV-HCV co-infection and 68,720 with HIV mono-infection were included. The difference in 3-year risk of T2DM for people with HIV-HCV after DAA and people with HIV mono-infection was 0.8% (95% confidence interval: -0.6, 5.8) in the subgroup with no risk factor, -0.4% (-1.5, 1.2) in the subgroup with 1-2 risk factors, and -1.7% (-4.7, 1.5) in the subgroup with ≥3 risk factors.CONCLUSIONS: The estimated post-DAA risk of T2DM in people was similar to the risk in people with HIV mono-infection, though estimates were imprecise. These results suggest diabetes monitoring and prevention strategies should be the same for people with HIV who received DAA for HCV treatment as for people with HIV mono-infection, and based on risk factors.

U2 - 10.1097/QAD.0000000000004499

DO - 10.1097/QAD.0000000000004499

M3 - Article

C2 - 41879095

SN - 0269-9370

JO - AIDS (London, England)

JF - AIDS (London, England)

ER -

Risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus after treatment with direct-acting antivirals for Hepatitis C virus in people with HIV

Abstract

UN SDGs

Access to Document

Fingerprint

Cite this