TY - JOUR
T1 - Inhibitory control and error processing in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
T2 - A mega-analysis of task-based fMRI data by the ENIGMA-OCD consortium
AU - ENIGMA-OCD consortium
AU - Džinalija, Nadža
AU - van den Heuvel, Odile A
AU - Simpson, H Blair
AU - Ivanov, Iliyan
AU - Araújo, Ana
AU - Balachander, Srinivas
AU - Beucke, Jan
AU - Brandeis, Daniel
AU - Brem, Silvia
AU - Bruin, Willem
AU - Buitelaar, Jan
AU - Castelo-Branco, Miguel
AU - Choi, Sunah
AU - Eng, Goi Khia
AU - Fitzsimmons, Sophie M D D
AU - Fortea, Lydia
AU - Fullana, Miquel A
AU - Grützmann, Rosa
AU - Hansen, Bjarne
AU - Huijser, Chaim
AU - de Joode, Niels T
AU - Kathmann, Norbert
AU - Kaufmann, Christian
AU - Kim, Minah
AU - Koch, Kathrin
AU - Kwon, Jun Soo
AU - Lim, Jie Xin
AU - Martinez-Zalacain, Ignacio
AU - Menchon, Jose M
AU - van de Mortel, Laurens A
AU - Narayanaswamy, Janardhanan C
AU - Ousdal, Olga Therese
AU - Postma, Tjardo S
AU - Rodriguez-Manrique, Daniela
AU - van Rooij, Daan
AU - Shivakumar, Venkataram
AU - Soriano-Mas, Carles
AU - Stern, Emily R
AU - Thomopoulos, Sophia I
AU - Thorsen, Anders L
AU - Vilajosana, Enric
AU - Walitza, Susanne
AU - Waller, Lea
AU - van der Werf, Ysbrand D
AU - van Wingen, Guido
AU - de Wit, Stella J
AU - Stein, Dan J
AU - Thompson, Paul M
AU - Vriend, Chris
AU - Veer, Ilya M
PY - 2025/10/27
Y1 - 2025/10/27
N2 - OBJECTIVE: Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a chronic condition in which impaired inhibitory control and excessive error monitoring may contribute to the maintenance of obsessions and compulsions. This mega-analysis investigates neural activation during response inhibition and error processing using adult and pediatric data from the ENIGMA-OCD consortium and the ABCD study.METHODS: Individual participant data was uniformly processed using HALFpipe to extract statistical maps for response inhibition and error processing contrasts. Bayesian multilevel models were used to assess regional and whole-brain effects of OCD, with additional analyses examining the association between the OCD clinical profile and task-related activation.RESULTS: Across inhibitory control tasks, both individuals with OCD and control participants showed robust activation in regions implicated in response inhibition and error processing. During response inhibition, compared to controls, adults with OCD showed stronger somatomotor cortex activation, while children with OCD showed stronger occipital cortex activation. Children with likely OCD from the ABCD cohort showed reduced activity in the frontoparietal network in the anterior insula/frontal operculum region. During error processing, relative to controls, adults with OCD showed weaker activation in fronto-striatal regions, while children with OCD showed stronger activation in frontoparietal and attention networks. Greater OCD symptom severity was associated with weaker task-related activation in adults and stronger activation in children during response inhibition.CONCLUSION: Case-control differences in brain activation during inhibitory control varied by age group and task contrast. Symptom severity emerged as the main clinical correlate of activation during inhibition, suggesting that inhibitory control deficits in OCD may be both state-dependent and developmentally specific.
AB - OBJECTIVE: Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a chronic condition in which impaired inhibitory control and excessive error monitoring may contribute to the maintenance of obsessions and compulsions. This mega-analysis investigates neural activation during response inhibition and error processing using adult and pediatric data from the ENIGMA-OCD consortium and the ABCD study.METHODS: Individual participant data was uniformly processed using HALFpipe to extract statistical maps for response inhibition and error processing contrasts. Bayesian multilevel models were used to assess regional and whole-brain effects of OCD, with additional analyses examining the association between the OCD clinical profile and task-related activation.RESULTS: Across inhibitory control tasks, both individuals with OCD and control participants showed robust activation in regions implicated in response inhibition and error processing. During response inhibition, compared to controls, adults with OCD showed stronger somatomotor cortex activation, while children with OCD showed stronger occipital cortex activation. Children with likely OCD from the ABCD cohort showed reduced activity in the frontoparietal network in the anterior insula/frontal operculum region. During error processing, relative to controls, adults with OCD showed weaker activation in fronto-striatal regions, while children with OCD showed stronger activation in frontoparietal and attention networks. Greater OCD symptom severity was associated with weaker task-related activation in adults and stronger activation in children during response inhibition.CONCLUSION: Case-control differences in brain activation during inhibitory control varied by age group and task contrast. Symptom severity emerged as the main clinical correlate of activation during inhibition, suggesting that inhibitory control deficits in OCD may be both state-dependent and developmentally specific.
U2 - 10.1101/2025.10.22.683868
DO - 10.1101/2025.10.22.683868
M3 - Article
C2 - 41279748
SN - 2692-8205
JO - bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology
JF - bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology
ER -