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European intersocietal recommendations for the biomarker-based diagnosis of neurocognitive disorders

  • Giovanni B. Frisoni*
  • , Cristina Festari
  • , Federico Massa
  • , Matteo Cotta Ramusino
  • , Stefania Orini
  • , Dag Aarsland
  • , Federica Agosta
  • , Claudio Babiloni
  • , Barbara Borroni
  • , Stefano F. Cappa
  • , Kristian S. Frederiksen
  • , Lutz Froelich
  • , Valentina Garibotto
  • , Alexander Haliassos
  • , Frank Jessen
  • , Anita Kamondi
  • , Roy P. C. Kessels
  • , Silvia D. Morbelli
  • , John T. O'Brien
  • , Markus Otto
  • Armand Perret-Liaudet, Francesca B. Pizzini, Mathieu Vandenbulcke, Ritva Vanninen, Frans Verhey, Meike W. Vernooij, Tarek Yousry, Mercè Boada Rovira, Bruno Dubois, Jean Georges, Oskar Hansson, Craig W. Ritchie, Philip Scheltens, Wiesje M. van der Flier, Flavio Nobili
*Corresponding author for this work
  • University of Geneva
  • IRCCS Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli - Brescia
  • University of Genoa
  • San Martino Hospital Genoa
  • IRCCS Fondazione Istituto Neurologico Casimiro Mondino - Pavia
  • University of Brescia
  • Stavanger University Hospital
  • King's College London
  • From the Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience (P.P.), and Neurology Unite (P.P.), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; and Department of Anatomy and Neurosciences (M.M.S.), MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, the Netherlands
  • Vita-Salute San Raffaele University
  • University of Rome La Sapienza
  • Hospital San Raffaele Cassino
  • Brescia Civil Hospital
  • Istituto Universitario di Studi Superiori di Pavia
  • University of Copenhagen
  • Heidelberg University 
  • Universite de Geneve Faculte de Medecine
  • Center for Biomedical Imaging (CIBM)
  • ESEAP-Proficiency Testing Scheme for Clinical Laboratories
  • University of Bonn and German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE)
  • Med. Fac. of the Univ. of Cologne
  • Universität zu Köln
  • National Institute of Mental Health
  • Semmelweis University
  • Radboud University Nijmegen
  • Vincent Van Gogh Institute for Psychiatry
  • University of Cambridge
  • Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg
  • Unité d’Hygiène, Epidémiologie, Infectiovigilance et Prévention, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
  • Ospedale Policlinico
  • KU Leuven
  • University Hospital Gasthuisberg
  • University of Eastern Finland
  • University of Limburg
  • Erasmus University Rotterdam
  • University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
  • Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades
  • Assistance publique – Hôpitaux de Paris
  • Sorbonne Université
  • Alzheimer Europe
  • Lund University
  • Skåne University Hospital
  • University of Edinburgh
  • Brain Health Scotland
  • Neuroscience Amsterdam

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Abstract

The recent commercialisation of the first disease-modifying drugs for Alzheimer's disease emphasises the need for consensus recommendations on the rational use of biomarkers to diagnose people with suspected neurocognitive disorders in memory clinics. Most available recommendations and guidelines are either disease-centred or biomarker-centred. A European multidisciplinary taskforce consisting of 22 experts from 11 European scientific societies set out to define the first patient-centred diagnostic workflow that aims to prioritise testing for available biomarkers in individuals attending memory clinics. After an extensive literature review, we used a Delphi consensus procedure to identify 11 clinical syndromes, based on clinical history and examination, neuropsychology, blood tests, structural imaging, and, in some cases, EEG. We recommend first-line and, if needed, second-line testing for biomarkers according to the patient's clinical profile and the results of previous biomarker findings. This diagnostic workflow will promote consistency in the diagnosis of neurocognitive disorders across European countries.
Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)302-312
Number of pages11
JournalThe Lancet Neurology
Volume23
Issue number3
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 1 Mar 2024

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