TY - JOUR
T1 - Drug-resistant tuberculosis profiles among patients presenting at the antituberculosis center of Brazzaville, Republic of Congo
AU - Ngouama, Breli Bonheur
AU - Djontu, Jean Claude
AU - Elion Assiana, Darrel Ornelle
AU - Mouzinga, Freisnel Hermeland
AU - Dello, Mita Naomie Merveille
AU - Abdul, Jabar Babatunde Pacome Agbo Achimi
AU - Biyogho, Christopher Mebiame
AU - Mevyann, Rhett Chester
AU - Mfoumbi Ibinda, Guy Arnault Rogue
AU - Dibamba Ndanga, Micheska Epola
AU - Okemba Okombi, Franck Hardain
AU - Ayet, Michel Illoye
AU - Siele, Lemercier Khunell
AU - Mizele Kitoti, Roélie Foxie
AU - Vouvoungui, Jeannhey Christevy
AU - Mouanga, Alain Maxime
AU - Vouidibio Mbozo, Alain Brice
AU - Penlap, Veronique
AU - Adegnika, Ayola Akim
AU - Grobusch, Martin Peter
AU - McHugh, Timothy D.
AU - Zumla, Ali
AU - Ntoumi, Francine
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© The Author(s) 2025.
PY - 2025/12/1
Y1 - 2025/12/1
N2 - Background: WHO strategy to end Tuberculosis (TB) calls for drug susceptibility testing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) for all patients, in high TB burden settings. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the MTB drug resistance profiles and related risk factors among patients presenting to the Antituberculosis Center of Brazzaville, Republic of Congo. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out from July 2022 to August 2023 involving 1,121 presumptive pulmonary tuberculosis patients enrolled to the Antituberculosis Center of Brazzaville. Sputum samples were collected from all the study participants for the diagnosis of tuberculosis and rifampicin resistance, using the Xpert MTB/RIF (Cepheid, USA) assay. Samples positive for MTB with drug resistance to RIF were further tested for the second line anti-MTB drug susceptibility using the 10-color Xpert MTB/XDR assay. Result: Out of 1,121 presumptive TB patients tested, 302/1,121 (26.9%) were MTB positive. Among these, 18/302 (6.0%) had received previous TB treatment and 15/302 (5.0%) were HIV co-infected. The mean age of the study population was 34 years, with a higher prevalence in males (69.2%). Of the MTB isolates, 25/302 (8.3%) were Rifampicin-resistant, with 24/25 (96%) further confirmed as multi-resistant strains, including 6/24 (25%) pre-XDR. Risk factors for MDR-TB included a history of TB treatment (AOR = 8.96, p = 0.002) and chronic cough (AOR = 7.14, p = 0.003). Conclusions: This study reveals a high level of drug-resistant tuberculosis in Brazzaville, with previous TB treatment being a significant risk factor. The findings underscore the need to strengthen molecular surveillance and TB management and control measures in the Republic of Congo.
AB - Background: WHO strategy to end Tuberculosis (TB) calls for drug susceptibility testing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) for all patients, in high TB burden settings. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the MTB drug resistance profiles and related risk factors among patients presenting to the Antituberculosis Center of Brazzaville, Republic of Congo. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out from July 2022 to August 2023 involving 1,121 presumptive pulmonary tuberculosis patients enrolled to the Antituberculosis Center of Brazzaville. Sputum samples were collected from all the study participants for the diagnosis of tuberculosis and rifampicin resistance, using the Xpert MTB/RIF (Cepheid, USA) assay. Samples positive for MTB with drug resistance to RIF were further tested for the second line anti-MTB drug susceptibility using the 10-color Xpert MTB/XDR assay. Result: Out of 1,121 presumptive TB patients tested, 302/1,121 (26.9%) were MTB positive. Among these, 18/302 (6.0%) had received previous TB treatment and 15/302 (5.0%) were HIV co-infected. The mean age of the study population was 34 years, with a higher prevalence in males (69.2%). Of the MTB isolates, 25/302 (8.3%) were Rifampicin-resistant, with 24/25 (96%) further confirmed as multi-resistant strains, including 6/24 (25%) pre-XDR. Risk factors for MDR-TB included a history of TB treatment (AOR = 8.96, p = 0.002) and chronic cough (AOR = 7.14, p = 0.003). Conclusions: This study reveals a high level of drug-resistant tuberculosis in Brazzaville, with previous TB treatment being a significant risk factor. The findings underscore the need to strengthen molecular surveillance and TB management and control measures in the Republic of Congo.
KW - Drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis
KW - MTB/XDR
KW - Republic of Congo
KW - Xpert MTB / RIF
UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105004671648
U2 - 10.1186/s12941-025-00786-8
DO - 10.1186/s12941-025-00786-8
M3 - Article
C2 - 40346665
SN - 1476-0711
VL - 24
JO - Annals of clinical microbiology and antimicrobials
JF - Annals of clinical microbiology and antimicrobials
IS - 1
M1 - 31
ER -
