Diet quality at age 5–6 and cardiovascular outcomes in preadolescents

J. J. Anne Krijger; Mary Nicolaou; Anh N. Nguyen; Trudy Voortman; Barbara A. Hutten; Tanja G. M. Vrijkotte

doi:10.1016/j.clnesp.2021.02.011

Diet quality at age 5–6 and cardiovascular outcomes in preadolescents

J. J. Anne Krijger
, Mary Nicolaou
, Anh N. Nguyen
, Trudy Voortman
, Barbara A. Hutten
, Tanja G. M. Vrijkotte^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

University of Amsterdam
Erasmus MC

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Academic › peer-review

Abstract

Background & aims: Specific dietary components during childhood may affect risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Whether overall higher diet quality prevents children from adverse cardiovascular outcomes remains contradictive. We aimed to examine the associations between diet quality at age 5–6 years and cardiovascular outcomes after a 6-year follow-up. Methods: We used data from the Amsterdam Born Children and their Development study, a multi-ethnic birth cohort. Dietary intake was assessed at age 5–6 using a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire and diet quality was ascertained with the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) score and the child diet quality score (CDQS), an index specifically developed for Dutch school-age children. Cardiovascular outcomes were examined after 6-years follow-up (age 11–12, N = 869). Outcomes were body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), blood pressure (BP), lipid profile, fasting glucose and carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT). Multivariable linear and logistic regression models adjusted for baseline value were used to examine associations between diet quality and cardiovascular outcomes. Results: Higher diet quality at age 5–6 was associated with lower BMI (DASH score: Δ quintile (Q) 5 and Q1: −0.35 kg/m ², p for trend = 0.016), lower WC (DASH score: Δ Q5 and Q1: −1.0 cm, p for trend = 0.028), lower systolic (DASH score: Δ Q5 and Q1: −2.7 mmHg, p for trend = 0.046) and diastolic BP (DASH score: Δ Q5 and Q1: −2.4, p for trend < 0.001) and with lower plasma triglycerides (DASH score: Δ Q5 and Q1: −0.20 mmol/L, p for trend = 0.032) after 6-years follow-up. Associations of the CDQS with these outcomes showed similar trends, but less pronounced. We found no statistically significant associations between diet quality and LDL-C, HDL-C, total cholesterol, fasting glucose or CIMT. Conclusions: Higher diet quality in childhood at age 5–6 years predicted better health on some cardiovascular outcomes in preadolescence.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	506-513
Number of pages	8
Journal	Clinical nutrition ESPEN
Volume	43
Early online date	2021
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnesp.2021.02.011
Publication status	Published - Jun 2021

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

SDG 3 Good Health and Well-being

Keywords

Cardiovascular risk
Childhood nutrition
DASH diet
Diet quality
Longitudinal cohort study

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10.1016/j.clnesp.2021.02.011

Cite this

@article{74530090ff0341f6b83e6cccf582da10,

title = "Diet quality at age 5–6 and cardiovascular outcomes in preadolescents",

abstract = "Background \& aims: Specific dietary components during childhood may affect risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Whether overall higher diet quality prevents children from adverse cardiovascular outcomes remains contradictive. We aimed to examine the associations between diet quality at age 5–6 years and cardiovascular outcomes after a 6-year follow-up. Methods: We used data from the Amsterdam Born Children and their Development study, a multi-ethnic birth cohort. Dietary intake was assessed at age 5–6 using a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire and diet quality was ascertained with the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) score and the child diet quality score (CDQS), an index specifically developed for Dutch school-age children. Cardiovascular outcomes were examined after 6-years follow-up (age 11–12, N = 869). Outcomes were body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), blood pressure (BP), lipid profile, fasting glucose and carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT). Multivariable linear and logistic regression models adjusted for baseline value were used to examine associations between diet quality and cardiovascular outcomes. Results: Higher diet quality at age 5–6 was associated with lower BMI (DASH score: Δ quintile (Q) 5 and Q1: −0.35 kg/m 2, p for trend = 0.016), lower WC (DASH score: Δ Q5 and Q1: −1.0 cm, p for trend = 0.028), lower systolic (DASH score: Δ Q5 and Q1: −2.7 mmHg, p for trend = 0.046) and diastolic BP (DASH score: Δ Q5 and Q1: −2.4, p for trend < 0.001) and with lower plasma triglycerides (DASH score: Δ Q5 and Q1: −0.20 mmol/L, p for trend = 0.032) after 6-years follow-up. Associations of the CDQS with these outcomes showed similar trends, but less pronounced. We found no statistically significant associations between diet quality and LDL-C, HDL-C, total cholesterol, fasting glucose or CIMT. Conclusions: Higher diet quality in childhood at age 5–6 years predicted better health on some cardiovascular outcomes in preadolescence. ",

keywords = "Cardiovascular risk, Childhood nutrition, DASH diet, Diet quality, Longitudinal cohort study",

author = "Krijger, \{J. J. Anne\} and Mary Nicolaou and Nguyen, \{Anh N.\} and Trudy Voortman and Hutten, \{Barbara A.\} and Vrijkotte, \{Tanja G. M.\}",

note = "Funding Information: This study was supported by the Netherlands Organization for Health Research and Development ( ZonMw ), The Dutch Heart Foundation and Sarphati Amsterdam . Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2021 The Author(s) Copyright: Copyright 2021 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.",

year = "2021",

month = jun,

doi = "10.1016/j.clnesp.2021.02.011",

language = "English",

volume = "43",

pages = "506--513",

journal = "Clinical nutrition ESPEN",

issn = "2405-4577",

publisher = "Elsevier Ltd",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Diet quality at age 5–6 and cardiovascular outcomes in preadolescents

AU - Krijger, J. J. Anne

AU - Nicolaou, Mary

AU - Nguyen, Anh N.

AU - Voortman, Trudy

AU - Hutten, Barbara A.

AU - Vrijkotte, Tanja G. M.

N1 - Funding Information: This study was supported by the Netherlands Organization for Health Research and Development ( ZonMw ), The Dutch Heart Foundation and Sarphati Amsterdam . Publisher Copyright: © 2021 The Author(s) Copyright: Copyright 2021 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.

PY - 2021/6

Y1 - 2021/6

N2 - Background & aims: Specific dietary components during childhood may affect risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Whether overall higher diet quality prevents children from adverse cardiovascular outcomes remains contradictive. We aimed to examine the associations between diet quality at age 5–6 years and cardiovascular outcomes after a 6-year follow-up. Methods: We used data from the Amsterdam Born Children and their Development study, a multi-ethnic birth cohort. Dietary intake was assessed at age 5–6 using a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire and diet quality was ascertained with the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) score and the child diet quality score (CDQS), an index specifically developed for Dutch school-age children. Cardiovascular outcomes were examined after 6-years follow-up (age 11–12, N = 869). Outcomes were body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), blood pressure (BP), lipid profile, fasting glucose and carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT). Multivariable linear and logistic regression models adjusted for baseline value were used to examine associations between diet quality and cardiovascular outcomes. Results: Higher diet quality at age 5–6 was associated with lower BMI (DASH score: Δ quintile (Q) 5 and Q1: −0.35 kg/m 2, p for trend = 0.016), lower WC (DASH score: Δ Q5 and Q1: −1.0 cm, p for trend = 0.028), lower systolic (DASH score: Δ Q5 and Q1: −2.7 mmHg, p for trend = 0.046) and diastolic BP (DASH score: Δ Q5 and Q1: −2.4, p for trend < 0.001) and with lower plasma triglycerides (DASH score: Δ Q5 and Q1: −0.20 mmol/L, p for trend = 0.032) after 6-years follow-up. Associations of the CDQS with these outcomes showed similar trends, but less pronounced. We found no statistically significant associations between diet quality and LDL-C, HDL-C, total cholesterol, fasting glucose or CIMT. Conclusions: Higher diet quality in childhood at age 5–6 years predicted better health on some cardiovascular outcomes in preadolescence.

AB - Background & aims: Specific dietary components during childhood may affect risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Whether overall higher diet quality prevents children from adverse cardiovascular outcomes remains contradictive. We aimed to examine the associations between diet quality at age 5–6 years and cardiovascular outcomes after a 6-year follow-up. Methods: We used data from the Amsterdam Born Children and their Development study, a multi-ethnic birth cohort. Dietary intake was assessed at age 5–6 using a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire and diet quality was ascertained with the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) score and the child diet quality score (CDQS), an index specifically developed for Dutch school-age children. Cardiovascular outcomes were examined after 6-years follow-up (age 11–12, N = 869). Outcomes were body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), blood pressure (BP), lipid profile, fasting glucose and carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT). Multivariable linear and logistic regression models adjusted for baseline value were used to examine associations between diet quality and cardiovascular outcomes. Results: Higher diet quality at age 5–6 was associated with lower BMI (DASH score: Δ quintile (Q) 5 and Q1: −0.35 kg/m 2, p for trend = 0.016), lower WC (DASH score: Δ Q5 and Q1: −1.0 cm, p for trend = 0.028), lower systolic (DASH score: Δ Q5 and Q1: −2.7 mmHg, p for trend = 0.046) and diastolic BP (DASH score: Δ Q5 and Q1: −2.4, p for trend < 0.001) and with lower plasma triglycerides (DASH score: Δ Q5 and Q1: −0.20 mmol/L, p for trend = 0.032) after 6-years follow-up. Associations of the CDQS with these outcomes showed similar trends, but less pronounced. We found no statistically significant associations between diet quality and LDL-C, HDL-C, total cholesterol, fasting glucose or CIMT. Conclusions: Higher diet quality in childhood at age 5–6 years predicted better health on some cardiovascular outcomes in preadolescence.

KW - Cardiovascular risk

KW - Childhood nutrition

KW - DASH diet

KW - Diet quality

KW - Longitudinal cohort study

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85103424656

U2 - 10.1016/j.clnesp.2021.02.011

DO - 10.1016/j.clnesp.2021.02.011

M3 - Article

C2 - 34024563

SN - 2405-4577

VL - 43

SP - 506

EP - 513

JO - Clinical nutrition ESPEN

JF - Clinical nutrition ESPEN

ER -

Diet quality at age 5–6 and cardiovascular outcomes in preadolescents

Abstract

UN SDGs

Keywords

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