TY - JOUR
T1 - Cardiometabolic Risk and Dietary Behaviors in Middle-School Children Consuming School-Sourced Lunch
AU - Sang III, Charlie J.
AU - de Visser, Rosa
AU - Krallman, Rachel
AU - Pai, Chih-Wen
AU - Montgomery, Daniel
AU - Moser, Cydni A.
AU - Kline-Rogers, Eva
AU - DuRussel-Weston, Jean
AU - Eagle, Kim A.
AU - Chinapaw, Mai
AU - Jackson, Elizabeth A.
N1 - Funding Information:
Dr. Jackson reports research funding from NIH and Amgen; editorial board membership: Circulation: Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes; consulting: American College of Cardiology and McKesson, Inc.; Expert witness for DeBlase Brown Everly LLP.; and royalties for UpToDate. The remaining authors have nothing to disclose.
Funding Information:
Since its inception in 2004, Project Healthy Schools’ (PHS) wellness efforts have been generously supported by a multitude of individuals, foundations, corporations, and health systems. PHS is grateful to these organizations and individuals; their partnership has played a significant role in the remarkable success of the program. The authors would additionally like to acknowledge Melissa Boguslawski for her contributions to this work. Financial statement: This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors. CJS made a substantial contribution to the concept and design of the work, drafted the article and revised it critically, approved the final version, and takes public responsibility for appropriate portions of the content, RDV made a substantial contribution to the concept and design of the work, drafted the article and revised it critically, approved the final version, and takes public responsibility for appropriate portions of the content, RK made a substantial contribution to the concept and design of the work, revised the article critically, approved the final version, and takes public responsibility for appropriate portions of the content, CWP made a substantial contribution to the analysis and interpretation of the data for the work, revised the article critically, approved the final version, and takes public responsibility for appropriate portions of the content, DM made a substantial contribution to the analysis and interpretation of the data for the work, revised the article critically, approved the final version, and takes public responsibility for appropriate portions of the content, CAM made a substantial contribution to the concept and design of the work, revised the article critically, approved the final version, and takes public responsibility for appropriate portions of the content, EKR made a substantial contribution to the concept and design of the work, revised the article critically, approved the final version, and takes public responsibility for appropriate portions of the content, JDW made a substantial contribution to the concept and design of the work, revised the article critically, approved the final version, and takes public responsibility for appropriate portions of the content, KAE made a substantial contribution to the concept and design of the work, revised the article critically, approved the final version, and takes public responsibility for appropriate portions of the content, MCAP made a substantial contribution to the concept and design of the work, revised the article critically, approved the final version, and takes public responsibility for appropriate portions of the content, EAJ made a substantial contribution to the concept and design of the work, revised the article critically, approved the final version, and takes public responsibility for appropriate portions of the content.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 Academic Pediatric Association
PY - 2023/11/1
Y1 - 2023/11/1
N2 - Objective: Childhood obesity remains a major public health issue. This study assessed the association between school-sourced lunches and cardiometabolic risk factors in middle-school students. Methods: Data from health behavior surveys and physiologic screenings in a Michigan middle-school wellness program between 2005 and 2019 were used to analyze the association of school lunch consumption with cardiometabolic risk factors (overweight/obesity, non-fasting lipids/glucose, blood pressure) and dietary behaviors (fruit/vegetable consumption, intake of sugar-sweetened beverages/foods). Students were divided into three groups based on their responses to the survey item if they 1) always, 2) sometimes, or 3) never consumed school-sourced lunches. Groups were compared using descriptive statistics and chi-squared tests. Results: Students consuming school-sourced lunches were more likely to have overweight or obesity, without significant differences in total, HDL, or LDL cholesterol. There was no difference in non-fasting glucose levels, blood pressure, or resting heart rate. Students consuming school sourced lunch were more likely to have increased sugary and fatty food or beverage consumption. Students consuming school sourced lunch were more likely to attend school in a low or middle socioeconomic status region. Conclusions: In this large cohort of middle-school children, consuming school-sourced lunches was associated with a greater prevalence of overweight and obesity and consumption of fatty foods and sugary beverages. School-based interventions should target methods to reduce consumption of sugary beverages and unhealthy snacks and promote consumption of fruits and vegetables, particularly among high-risk individuals.
AB - Objective: Childhood obesity remains a major public health issue. This study assessed the association between school-sourced lunches and cardiometabolic risk factors in middle-school students. Methods: Data from health behavior surveys and physiologic screenings in a Michigan middle-school wellness program between 2005 and 2019 were used to analyze the association of school lunch consumption with cardiometabolic risk factors (overweight/obesity, non-fasting lipids/glucose, blood pressure) and dietary behaviors (fruit/vegetable consumption, intake of sugar-sweetened beverages/foods). Students were divided into three groups based on their responses to the survey item if they 1) always, 2) sometimes, or 3) never consumed school-sourced lunches. Groups were compared using descriptive statistics and chi-squared tests. Results: Students consuming school-sourced lunches were more likely to have overweight or obesity, without significant differences in total, HDL, or LDL cholesterol. There was no difference in non-fasting glucose levels, blood pressure, or resting heart rate. Students consuming school sourced lunch were more likely to have increased sugary and fatty food or beverage consumption. Students consuming school sourced lunch were more likely to attend school in a low or middle socioeconomic status region. Conclusions: In this large cohort of middle-school children, consuming school-sourced lunches was associated with a greater prevalence of overweight and obesity and consumption of fatty foods and sugary beverages. School-based interventions should target methods to reduce consumption of sugary beverages and unhealthy snacks and promote consumption of fruits and vegetables, particularly among high-risk individuals.
KW - cardiometabolic risk factors
KW - childhood health
KW - dietary behaviors
KW - nutrition
KW - school lunch
UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85172348648
U2 - 10.1016/j.acap.2023.07.018
DO - 10.1016/j.acap.2023.07.018
M3 - Article
C2 - 37543082
SN - 1876-2859
VL - 23
SP - 1605
EP - 1613
JO - Academic Pediatrics
JF - Academic Pediatrics
IS - 8
ER -
SDG 3 Good Health and Well-being